时间:2019-02-19 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

   在英语会话中,学生经常不知如何选择得体的表达方式与人重谈,常常在严肃的场合中用非正式的语体,而在非正式的场合又用严肃的语体,结果是:听话人不是莫明奇妙就是感到受了冒犯。在英语中,对同一件事的表达方式可根据许多不同的因素而变化,如:时间、场合、说话对象及说话人与听话人之间的关系,等等。所有这些因素决定了我们在表达时应注意用词。学会说得体的英语至关重要。下面我们来看一下几个例子。


  1.我没有足够的钱去旅游。
  A.I have insufficient 1 financial resources for the journey.
  B.I haven't got enough money for the trip.
  2.你叫什么名字?
  A.How can I call you?
  B.What a lovely boy!Your name…?
  3.对不起,你说什么?
  A.Excuse me,what did you say?
  B.What?(What was that again?)
  4.谢谢你的电话。
  A.It was nice of you to call.
  B.Thanks for calling.
  以上四个例子中,A句都用于正式场合,说话人与受话人之间的关系生疏。B句则用于非正式的言语交际中,说话人与受话人一般较亲密。如果将A句的表达方式用在B句中的语言环境中就很不得体,给人一种out of place的感觉,或者,受话人觉得你是在开玩笑。
  当然,对同一件事的表达方式远非两种。按照美国社会语言学家Martin Joos的语体划分法,英语语体可分为五种:
  (1)严肃语体——适用于极重要场合,说话人往往是地位较高的人。
  (2)正式语体——适用于较严肃的场合,说话人与受话人之间的关系是上下级关系,或者初次见面。
  (3)普通语体——适用于同事之间的对话或商店购物。
  (4)非正式语体——适用于朋友交谈,非正式的话题。
  (5)亲密语体——适用于家庭成员之间或亲密朋友之间。
  根据这五种语体,不同交际环境必须使用不同的用词。现在让我们来看一下下面这种情形中,五种语体用词的不同。
  会议马上就要开始,会议厅安静了下来。这时唯有坐在后排的_位年轻女士还在高声谈论,根本没有意识到大家都在瞧着她。应该怎么提醒她?
  Frozen style:“Miss Smith must keep silent!”
  Formal style:“Kindly stop talking now,Miss Smith.”
  Consultative style:“Do you mind not talking now,MissSmith?”
  Casual style:“Better not talk now,Mary”
  Intimate style:“Darling…shh!”

adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的
  • There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
  • In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代,科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
a list of facts
adiabatic compressible flow
Ajania tibetica
Al Ubayyid
alidade protractor
Alphonsine
American white moth
Anhydrobiotite
antijackknife
Atreids
attention-alertness test
benzoylthoourea
bidding sheet
bureaucratic
by appearances
ceftins
ceiling insulation
charred
cutting of bars
decussion
demutation
dessa
DIVIC
elastic circular sandwich beam
Enyo
exclusive right to trademark
expend
false heat
furoquinolines
gas pickling
gas-filled switchgear
get some rest
grasstures
grossglockners
haddix
hamied
HCCPD
heating and ventilating system
heneicosan ic acid
hifi
higher-dimensional grammar
homing capability
homogeneous operator
Hólmar
indevotional
initial chaining value
knudson
letter of assignment
leucantha
liver retransplantation
logical combination
made herself known to
madrepore marble
Mastixia
metal tape core
midspreads
misfunction
N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
nonpreemptive priority
normal emission
out of luck
ovarectomy
piecing together
please oneself
prepulsid
presslers
price promotion
prima facies case of damage
pseudodiaptomus forbesi
Pseudostellaria Pax
pulse manifestation
pungent smell
pyrexial
pyrophosphorylation
ratcliff
re-seed
reel block
roble beech
roof boarding
sbir
screw in type punch shank
servicing weight
servomotor drive circuit
shaped plate
sodium orthoclase
spare bedroom
spontaneous-potential method
staff card index
stationwagons
stirrer (agitator)
stromal trophoblastic bud
tape-to-card converter
to poop
tobutts
torify
trimmer valve
two-dimensional flow pattern
unresealable
up-anchor
vegetation chart
voice breaks
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