时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
ac motor
aceperone
arteriolonecrosis
battery input
bensenville
Bharatanatyam
bifurcation ratio
bolaven
boundary conditions
caira
cannabises
carbon dioxide complex
casting calls
cherry piker
climatic atlas
code verification
coincidence detector
compounding a felony
contentive
contral refrigeration plant
cross-adding punch
Dealyd
defasciculations
discussion list
division of relation
early graduation base on academic excellence
efferous
Elped-ron
escutellate
execrating
fertility vitamin
foramina infraorbitale
Friedel and Crafts' synthesis
golley
green's
Hamilton, Patrick
hard-boild
hardening plant
heldest
high voltage damper
hypoosmolar
independent variables
jibutis
keratonosus
laminating paper
laser cavity design
lecc
light bus
lube container
magnetic mirror configuration
marginal plate
mastigosome
Michigan tripod
mirandina taiwanensis
music store
needle die polishing machine
Ngindo
nonoperate value
Ogmore Vale
Onosma
opisthoticm
outbirth
Paeonia delavayi var. lutea
pappardelles
permissible level of human exposure
pie-holes
proprietary materials
pseudokeration
qualifying reserve account
range of sensitivity
reaction of pupil to light
reference peg
Reriutaba
rhomboid proteases
sauce garden
shape up to
shenandoah rivers
Sosnovyy Bor
spiral notebook
sporocarp
spring-ring dowel
square opening
stabilizer foot
storage rate
subcommanders
superchurches
Symplocos crassilimba
Temaju, Pulau
temperature-dependent corrosion
ten-pounders
thrippence
tiring room
to go broke
transgressive element
underjaw
untemptingness
vault type transformer
vertical fender
visual meteorological conditions
warnocks
with a long face
zeppoles