时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't only ones to apply this strategy. Marine 1 bacteria also form cooperative populations according to a study in the Journal Science. Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics 2 would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant 3 to those particular compounds. But antibiotics could fight off foreign populations while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial 4 social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.



1 marine
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 antibiotics
n.(用作复数)抗生素;(用作单数)抗生物质的研究;抗生素,抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
3 resistant
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
4 bacterial
a.细菌的
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
学英语单词
.pcx files
acephalhemia
adelaidensis
ahearns
air surveillance officer
air-kissed
alangiside
alight at
all-wire anchor line
bottom-hinged window
carbon monoxide allowable concentration
cathode ray type indicator
Citizen Kane
closed-coil reflux
Cro-Magnon man
cystyl-
deck testing
dichloroethene
disatisfied
dull weather
equidistant curve of curtate hypocycloid
exponent number
fibrolaminar
filo pastry
filthily
flat gasket
gas tanks
hardened oil
heater-voltage coefficient
hornstone
input method editor
iron stand
Ivanhoe R.
kakaki
kraft liquor
kuehni
lead silicate white
Liriope angustissima
lost things
made do and mend
mallada basalis
mars-venus
melin
Micheas
micromotor
millennium meltdown
mushir
nidged ashlar
nondescripts
nonpartisanship
OFF (oldest fuel first)
OLTPs
one man's loss is another man's gain
orchidoncus
orthogonal node
pathway
pelagite
performance prediction
photographic unit
pictorial descrition
pineapple cheese
pipe expander
piping rack
pit-type carburizing furnace
podophyllins
point form audit report
positive driver type supercharger
proof-of-principle
puerilities
quadrant aerial
Ramón Gordo
reconsideration
reserved demolition target
reservoir of clean water
restoration time after system failure
rim blights
rubulaviruses
Scalia, Antonin
separative
side of piston ring
sidewalk on bridge
slappest
Streuselkuchen
stupidity
surfacing of roofing material
surrounded
teragrammes
third circulation
thoracic curvature
thru-hole connection
thyroadenitis
time domain response
titanium boride particle reinforcement
transfer at death
transport squadron
true thrush
Unna
uredia
vice chairman, vice-chairman
writing tape
Zestril
zooxanthella