时间:2019-01-11 作者:英语课 分类:VOA慢速英语2008年(十二)月


英语课
This is the VOA Special English Development Report.

One of the best ways to protect yourself and other people from getting sick is to wash your hands with soap. To make soap, you need three main things: oil, water and lye.

The oil can come from animal fat or plant sources like avocado, coconut 1 or sunflower. Lye can be found at markets and other stores that sell cleaning products. Lye -- spelled l-y-e -- is also called sodium 2 hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

Be very careful. Lye can cause serious burns. It can also blind a person if it gets into the eyes. Do not breathe lye and do not let small children near it. And do not store lye in containers made of aluminum 3. The lye will eat through the metal.
 






Soap can be made from many different kinds of fats and additives 4



But the owner of a soap making business in California says on her blog that there is no lye present in the finished soap. Diane Longacre says the lye and oil molecules 5 combine and chemically change into soap and glycerin. Her blog is at frontierangelsoap.blogspot.com.

Some people make soap with potash lye. You boil ashes in water until only dry black salts remain. Once the salts melt, a gray-white substance is left. This is potash.

One simple way to make soft soap requires nine kilograms of potash. You also need twelve kilos of any kind of oil and twenty-six liters 6 of water. Mix the potash well with the water. Add it to the oil in a wooden bucket.

For the next three days, mix the materials well with a wooden stick or spoon. Do this several times a day for about three minutes at a time. Then let the soap sit in the wooden bucket for about a month. After that, it will be ready to use.

In Mali, women's groups make and sell soap produced with jatropha seeds. In Rwanda, a group of people living with H.I.V./AIDS began making soap from local materials like palm oil and avocados. They developed a business with a loan 7 from the aid organization Africare.

Healthier members of the group meet four times a week to mix the soap and cut it into pieces. An American organization called InterAction 8 says the soap makers 9 produce one thousand pieces each day. The soap is sold to the local health center, to a prison and to people in the community.

And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by Karen Leggett. More information about the soap making process can be found at practicalaction.org. Click on Practical Answers and enter "soap" as a search term. We will post helpful links at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Mario Ritter.



n.椰子
  • The husk of this coconut is particularly strong.椰子的外壳很明显非常坚固。
  • The falling coconut gave him a terrific bang on the head.那只掉下的椰子砰地击中他的脑袋。
n.(化)钠
  • Out over the town the sodium lights were lit.在外面,全城的钠光灯都亮了。
  • Common salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine.食盐是钠和氯的复合物。
n.(aluminium)铝
  • The aluminum sheets cannot be too much thicker than 0.04 inches.铝板厚度不能超过0.04英寸。
  • During the launch phase,it would ride in a protective aluminum shell.在发射阶段,它盛在一只保护的铝壳里。
n.添加剂( additive的名词复数 )
  • chemical additives in petrol 汽油中的化学添加剂
  • It'says on the packet that these crisps contain no additives. 包装上说这些炸薯片不含添加剂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
分子( molecule的名词复数 )
  • The structure of molecules can be seen under an electron microscope. 分子的结构可在电子显微镜下观察到。
  • Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules. 在反应堆里,大分子裂变为小分子。
n.升( liter的名词复数 )
  • In the metric system, measurements are made in metres and liters. 在公制中,用米和升作计量单位。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This can holds five liters of water. 这个容器可装五升水。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.贷款;借出的东西;借;vt.借出;贷予
  • I asked the bank to help me with a loan.我请银行给我一笔贷款。
  • Has the bank okayed your request for a loan?银行批准你的贷款要求了吗?
n.交流;相互作用,相互影响,合作
  • The interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas.两个组的相互交流产生了许多好主意。
  • Price is determined through the interaction of demand and supply.价格在供需的相互作用中形成。
n.制造者,制造商(maker的复数形式)
  • The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
  • The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
标签: VOA慢速英语 VOA
学英语单词
-shy
Acer longicarpum
air chain-hoist
amniotic sacs
apparel and tackle
Ardennes, Dép.des
artists primaries
aurone
Baez, Joan
basinetto silk
binary float-point constant
biogens
biotite gneissic rock
blow and go
bodily fluids
cast structure
chain catcher
check plus minus subroutine
circus-goers
coil section
coincident spectral density
conferencing over ip
consistent substitute
critical damping resistance
DIDELPIDAE
diphenylhydantoin
direct rotary machine
dissimulations
distributive numeral
Dormaal
eaten away at
electrosyneresis
entering sode
exchanging scattering
execrator
exercise dictatorship over
existing assets
extra part
eyepiece lens
facepieces
field hospitals
french-english
fungal meningitis
Glybuthizol
Godelier's law
grasshoppers
groupmine's coal preparation plant
hard magnesia
height-of-image adjustment
Hi-Ex
holly fern
intercarrier hum
labriformin
littoral country
liver depression forming fire
minassians
minute wheel seating
momentum trap
Moricambe Bay
muding up
Newspeaks
ocean satellite
one-digit adder
petty-minded
PHALLOSTETHOIDEA
praiseworthiness
prostaglandin E2
pseudoreligions
Pulsatilla kostyczewii
recomplicating
reentrant deflecter
reserve banking
resistance butt welding machine
reworked units
rug-cutter
rural market
sandalled
scales of lepisosteus
self focusing beam
shotputting
side car frame
signal impulse
single-contact controller
smack down
spring-socket
square auger
St-Jean-de-Daye
stakings
standard inventory
swear ... in
Swing Low, Sweet Chariot
tap borer
tape starting
tapping rod
throw something down
toado
upper head plate
usafs
voitus
what e'er betide
white pearl lamb skin plate
yishuv