时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
-oecious
Abū Rukbah
air-water ratio
androsaceus
apoa petrakii
apollo luner surface experiment package (alsep)
Arctocephalus philippi
ash pyramid
Bacillus aerophilus
be down with
Beraketa
best efforts
big bud
branchville
brush holder spring
bucket type top charging
bunjies
burstpressure
carbaminoylcholine chloride
cathidine
centralized control station
Certeju de Sus
Claisen flask
cock cheese
coincidence range finder
commercial artist
commercial electrical
compressed gas insulatin
computer-system audit
construction of condition
creations
decreasing pitch screw
dichogamous (sprengel 1793) flower
dimethylisopropylamine
draw key
drift stop
dry hydrogen bomb
Dundonians
electronic certificates authority
electropolymerizations
embryophoric membrane
floor rug
function words
gibbes
grommet-strap
healthy seedling
hesitatious
hiberoma
hsing-i
hyperpeptic
idle car
lanthanite- (ce)
loop unrolling
magnetofluid separator
magzh
menthyl valerate
molten sulfur degasification
multi-deck ship
need for affiliation
nonconcentricity
over and-under relay
overanxiously
palaeogenetic
partially close-ended questionnaire
paste paint white paste
phantigrade
pitch attitude
Plumbaginales
Pormylgitoxin
powered lift
predicting relation
preventing
Primene
Płociczno
radiation measurement calibration
recarburize
rutherford formula
shaft-voltage test
shedloads
shore bridge
single-drum hoist
smoke-ecology
snowperson
steam exit pressure
superconductor electric propulsion
superstandard risk
symbolic placeholder
symmetrical contour
telex channel
test finger check
thermic syphon neck
torn-tape switching centre
transmission efficientcy
uk data protection
University of Sussex
uranium(iv) oxysulfide
valve envelope
VSMC
wide range meter
windlassed
worms in blood
writings