时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
accounting for the estate principal
ambient stray magnetic field
Ambridge
antrum ethmoidale
be all in a tumble
brick and mortar
budell
bullheadedly
CFAM
coarse feed
colour content
compressed air for push switch
consistences
contract interest rate
crossed parallelogram
damasonium
decelerating effect
diplosome
direct evaporator
doed
dysphorically
eddy current revolution counter
electric ciphering machine
emunctories
equivocado
Ericsson selector
eslicarbazepine
examining pillow
experimental group
eye-of-round
fly-wheel pump
forced breathing
forstands
fretsaws
front principal plane
gang agley
garagiste
gravellier
grists yield
hahaha
hemoporphyrin
heteroglossic
high low bias test
hot-headed
humiliates
hypogeocarpous
ice breaker
Idaga Hamus
in station
in-countries
inertia turning
inominous
International Classification of Coal in Seam
International Society of Mine Surveying
jury instruction
Lancereaux's taeatment
linkering
Malandar, Pta.de
malaxation
medulla bundle
microgranitic texture
Mixco extractor
Mokronog
nahin
nomina instrumenti
nonsolid colour
offr
Olbers' paradox
packing height
parities according to season
philadelphuses
prinkle
pure laminar flow
puzzle-brain
Qd. R.
quassia amaras
related feature
relative circle
resistance method of temperature determination
rich experience
saturated arc
ship's clerk
shoot for the moon
slaies
spar buoys
statictransconductance
sternomastoid muscle
stiffened plate
stop my ears
submerged type tube distiller
superenormous
Surdulica
takes office
tetraethyl-lead
tobacco user
total-head line
trupentine camphor
turbojet
unsqueaky
videos-out
viewing storage tube
wide-band random vibration