时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:2015年VOA慢速英语(八)月


英语课

 其实能问到这个语法点的一般都是考GMAT(美国工商管理专业研究生入学考试)的。因为在GMAT语法改错题中,有一个固定的规则,就是引导宾语从句的that坚决不可以省略。但是似乎在我们的语法课上学到的that都是可省可不省的。那究竟什么时候可省、什么时候不可省呢?为了搞清楚这个问题,咱们先来复习一下宾语从句中that的作用:


  that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作用,本身没有任何意义,因此在从句中不充当任何句子成分。
  在GMAT语法中,认为在引导宾语从句时,既然你唯一做的就是降级、连接,如果去掉了,这个功能就体现不出来,所以坚决不能省。
  但在引导定语从句时充当定从中的宾语时可以省,因为它那时是关系代词,可以从从句中缺一个成分看出来降级以及that起到的作用。
  在GMAT语法严格遵守“连词数=谓语动词数-1”。
  比如造个句子:He believed that each individual is responsible for the environmental protection of the earth.
  谓语动词有believe 和is两个,一个主句的,一个从句的,2-1=1,所以这个连词that不能省。
  所以严格来说,引导宾语从句的that是不可以省略的,所以如果以后想考GMAT的话,要记住这个规则哦。
  但其实老外口语或者非正式的书面语中,是没那么死抠这个规则的。所以我们中国的语法专家就综合考虑,决定保留老外口语中的that可省这一点,但在有一些比如agree, argue, hold, learn, observe, remark, suggest, indicate, conceive这种比较正式的书面语的谓语动词后,就规定that不可省略;而像hear, know, grant, say, see, perceive, confess, consider, declare, understand, propose这些词呢,口语书面都可以, that就可省可不省;但如果是think, suppose, believe, presume, dare say这种口语词时, that通常要省略。
  再总结一下that不可省的情况:
  1. 在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中(除宾语从句),that 不能省。如:
  That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. (主语从句)
  The truth is that nobody knows who invented eyeglasses. (表语从句)
  We have to face the fact that land is fragile.(同位语从句)
  2. 在agree, argue, hold, learn, observe, remark, suggest, indicate, conceive这种比较正式的书面语的谓语动词后,that不可省略。如:
  Both candidates agree that the biggest local concern is unemployment.
  Studies indicate that we have a limited amount of self-control.
  3. 在it作形式宾语的宾语从句前,that不可省。如:
  They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
  4. 在由and或or所连接的两个宾语从句时,第一个从句中的that可以省;而第二个从句中的that不能省。
  It is depressing to think (that) life is purposeless and that evolution has no higher destination.
  通过以上对that可省可不省的情况的总结,相信对that在从句中的作用有了更清晰的认识,但要记住一点,GMAT中宾语从句引导词that是不能省的,高中语法只要记住不能省的情况就可以了。

标签: 英语语法
学英语单词
Aboun
acetophenones
aleur(i)ospore
alkalinophilic
alternator regulator
ambient interference
amino resin adhesive
amph.
arch scaffolding
aslam
autotarget
Barun Gl.
beitler
Beklemishevo
biddabler
born with a silver spoon in one's mouth
caloritropic
calosphenisca quinquemaculata
cast hole
caucasicum
clip hooks
coalcutterloader
coarse soil
colorectitis
compensation doping
contamination tester
cryobank
crystal metal
dam block
diox-
doppler-shift
doublemeat
DTRTT
dunnells
durable
electrically conducting composite
Esslp
fermium amalgam
fillet steak with mushroom sauce
forbidders
forged chain cable
gartering
give a tilt
glycal
gusset at margin plate
helicoid conveyer
Hickey-Hare test
hidta
high intensity magnetic field
historicas
hoflins
integral tripack
intrabinary
landed society
laser processor
leithians
length rod
Libanotis condensata
locomotive operation
Lucidryl
malleolar surface
manganese fluoride
Marignac salt
mattar
mixed flow pump with shrouded impeller
multiplier divider unit
Myristica officinalis Mart.
nosotropic
nothosaurs
numerical taxonomic
Ornithogalum umbellatum
palpebral dermatolysis
para-electric
part-load transhipment station
penalty dockage
pepit
plank floor
pot marigolds
potassium hydroxide solution
pre establish
production lines
quintell
r.i
ride shotgun
rubber-modified plastics
sebiparous
sect of epidemic febrile disease
send her down Hughie
Septoria abortiva
soil binder
stauridium tetras
STDSV system
store sth up
studio buck
superpredicate
transaminate
trust under decree
turnout on outside of a curve
vatos
withdraw from treaty
Yankwamu
Zhu Yizun