时间:2019-02-01 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2011年(十月)


英语课

Sub-Standard Electronics Donated to Africa Causing Pile Up of E-Waste


The safe disposal of unwanted computers, printers, mobile phones, and other electronics, collectively known as “e-waste”, is a growing problem across Africa. The world produces more than 50 million tons of e-waste each year, but less than one-quarter of that is recycled at the source. Many of these electronics enter Africa in the form of donations or products for sale.

After a fairly short life-span, they end up in dumps, with governments having little or no capacity to dispose of them safely. But in Kenya, guidelines and an e-waste recycling plant are spearheading e-waste efforts in East Africa.

A brave new world. Students at Our Lady of Nazareth Primary School in one of Nairobi’s informal settlements have gone digital. They are using second-hand 1 computers donated by a European non-profit group. These machines have been cleaned, checked, and configured for use here and in other institutions.

But most donated computers coming to Africa are not so high-quality.

“Unfortunately, when these donations come, they will be useful in the institutions for a very short period of time, maybe one or two years. Even during that time, it is very expensive to maintain them because of the frequency of the breakdowns,” says Esther Mwiyeria Wachira, education technologist at Global e-Schools and Communities Initiative, or GeSCI, a non-profit group founded by the United Nations to help developing countries use information and communications technology, or ICT, to improve their education systems.

Wachira says the worst part is that, after one or two years, most computer donations end up here, as e-waste - electrical and electronic equipment that is old, no longer valuable to their owners, or whose life-span has expired.

Many of Africa’s second-hand electronics come from European countries, either in the form of donations or products for sale. But much of it ends up being unusable in the long run, destined 2 for the dump.

What is worse, African countries lack the capacity to deal with the lead, cadmium, mercury, plastics and other toxins 3 contained in discarded electronics.

Vice 4 President of the European Union Neelie Kroes says European countries have strict laws against e-waste dumping at home and abroad, and are required to recycle or treat e-waste so that it does not harm the environment. She says she thinks it is important for African governments to deal effectively with e-waste as well.

“Of course, it is tempting 5 for countries that are not yet developed to take it for granted and think, we first need to be active, to push our economy, so the more e-commerce, e-environment there is the better and we will think over later the waste problem.” she said.

South Africa is the only African country that has legislation specifically covering e-waste. Kenya has e-waste guidelines that are expected to become law within two years’ time,

Kenya is also taking the lead in East Africa in the area of e-waste recycling. In Nairobi, the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Centre has recycled more than 4000 computers since its inception 6 in 2007.






点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  






1
second-hand
second-hand
  
 


adj.用过的,旧的,二手的


参考例句:





I got this book by chance at a second-hand bookshop.我赶巧在一家旧书店里买到这本书。
They will put all these second-hand goods up for sale.他们将把这些旧货全部公开出售。












2
destined
Dunznz
  
 


adj.命中注定的;(for)以…为目的地的


参考例句:





It was destined that they would marry.他们结婚是缘分。
The shipment is destined for America.这批货物将运往美国。












3
toxins
18c3f40d432ba8dc33bad8fb82873ea8
  
 


n.毒素( toxin的名词复数 )


参考例句:





The seas have been used as a receptacle for a range of industrial toxins. 海洋成了各种有毒工业废料的大容器。
Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。 来自《简明英汉词典》












4
vice
NU0zQ
  
 


n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的


参考例句:





He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。












5
tempting
wgAzd4
  
 


a.诱人的, 吸引人的


参考例句:





It is tempting to idealize the past. 人都爱把过去的日子说得那么美好。
It was a tempting offer. 这是个诱人的提议。












6
inception
bxYyz
  
 


n.开端,开始,取得学位


参考例句:





The programme has been successful since its inception.这个方案自开始实施以来一直卓有成效。
Julia's worked for that company from its inception.自从那家公司开办以来,朱莉娅一直在那儿工作。













adj.用过的,旧的,二手的
  • I got this book by chance at a second-hand bookshop.我赶巧在一家旧书店里买到这本书。
  • They will put all these second-hand goods up for sale.他们将把这些旧货全部公开出售。
adj.命中注定的;(for)以…为目的地的
  • It was destined that they would marry.他们结婚是缘分。
  • The shipment is destined for America.这批货物将运往美国。
n.毒素( toxin的名词复数 )
  • The seas have been used as a receptacle for a range of industrial toxins. 海洋成了各种有毒工业废料的大容器。
  • Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
a.诱人的, 吸引人的
  • It is tempting to idealize the past. 人都爱把过去的日子说得那么美好。
  • It was a tempting offer. 这是个诱人的提议。
n.开端,开始,取得学位
  • The programme has been successful since its inception.这个方案自开始实施以来一直卓有成效。
  • Julia's worked for that company from its inception.自从那家公司开办以来,朱莉娅一直在那儿工作。
学英语单词
accuracy time
alite
anaerobic exercise
antipark
armees
bilski
biologically active fluidized bed
boase
caduciary
caracoli
chanda
Choclococha, L.
Clement XI
communication oriented
conuropsis carolinenses
crisp(i)ness
cutter quadruple bolt
database-agnostic
Dick metbod
east india companies
effective wave profile
extended instruction group
false action
fluidometer
funnel-shaped corolla
geophysical signal
geothermic energy
hand-plugging mallet
have not a clue
heating resistor battery
Hongsong
hyphodontia niemelaei
ice-fields
impanels
ingested
interplays
jet path
juvenile mentality
karenni state (kayah state)
lesbian studies
macrogametocytes
mask aperture
maximin utility
membranae serotina
mercureys
metamorphopsia varians
methadone, methadon
method of variation of parameters
methyl chlorofluoride
microinjection
mine rescue crew
miniature fermenter
moggle
multiple chain
net type filter
neurological function
nickelous sulfate
non-objectives
olea europaea l. var oleaster dc.
optimazation
organizational change management
outflings
paintbox
paleophytoanatomy
passenger ticket revenue
pehoe
place cell
plagal half candence
Podofin
polarity-inverting amplifier
pomade acne
pressure tank
quarantine release
Rabdosia bulleyana
radar generated pulse train
radical language
regs
rhinopharyngolith
scolecenchelys macroptera
secondary pattern
sensitive hair
seral
signal to crosstalk ratio
single-input
sinusoid generator
sponge cucumber
step roll
stock-index futures
storage protect
strip-and-group system
subacute liver atrophy
sugar-sweet
Syneilesis subglabrata
teammate
tetragonal tetrahedral class
time-transgressive unit
timebombs
tug-net
turbo-machinery design
vehicle safety inspection and test line
vygis
working gantline