时间:2019-01-18 作者:英语课 分类:雅思英语


英语课

   选择题(Multiple Choice)是雅思阅读中最为常见的题型之一,可能也是伴随众多小烤鸭们时间最久的考试题型,没有之一。从幼稚园到博士生甚至职业资格考试,更无须说诸多英语考试之中,选择题都是最常使用的考查方式。在雅思阅读中,选择题主要分为单项选择题和多项选择题两种形式,前者通常为四选一,后者为多选多,常表现为五选二、八选三甚至十一选五等形式。


  在长期的雅思阅读教学中,笔者发现很多烤鸭对选择题,尤其是单项选择题表现的信心十足:相对于判断、配对、小标题等雅思独门题型,单选题显得亲切而熟悉。然而,仔细研究就会发现,大量考生在单选题上并没有占到便宜,这通常表现为两种情况:一是花费太多时间逐一比对选项,导致选择题正确率高但是整体做题时间不够;二是匆忙定位或者不能定位,从而只看选项中与原文相似的部分进行选择,导致掉进命题者设置的陷阱。因此,笔者提醒考生,要做好单选题必须注意最好选项的分析。
  单选题的选项在命题中通常呈现以下特点:
  1、每道题的选项都围绕原文某一到两句话展开;
  2、正确答案的选项通常是原文的同义改写;
  3、经常设置与原文用语极为相似的选项作为干扰项;
  4、常见成对且意思相近或相反的选项。
  基于以上命题分析,笔者建议考生在做题前,应该在结合段落大意和定位题干的基础上,通过对选项的分析,帮助找到以下几方面的信息。
  首先,利用分析选项进行定位。以剑6TEST3 PASSAGE 1第12题为例:
  12 When cinema first began, peoplethought that
  A it could always tell stories
  B it should be used in fairgrounds
  C its audiences were unappreciative
  D its future was uncertain
  这道题目本身从命题来讲为考生设置了很大难度,一方面其在原文中对应的段落(H段)距离上一道题的位置(D段)横跨了大半篇文章,另一方面其题干中并没有合适的定位词。因此本题最好的定位方式是求助于选项。仔细分析不难发现,B选项中fairground(游乐场)一词,属于特定的意义的名词,可以用来定位,并可以很快就此找到原文对应句Indeed, some said that, once this novelty had worn off, cinema would…a fairground attraction.
  其次,分析选项可以快速帮助考生确定各个选项之间的关系,特别是成对选项之间的相似相反关系,从而更快地判断命题者实际考察的考点,以便回到原文中直接查找判断。即使对于基础较薄弱,很难理解原文的考生,分析选项找到成对选项也有助于提高做题的正确率,因为正确答案通常就在相似相反选项之中。
  分析成对选项,主要找相似的结构和相似的词组两方面。有时会出现四个选项两两相配的情况,则先分析两组间的区别,再分析具体两个选项即可。
  举两个例子,首先是剑6 TEST 4PASSAGE 3第33题
  33 The writer thinks that thedeclaration “There is no bullying 1 at this school”
  A is no longer true in many schools
  B was not in face made by many schools
  C reflected the school’s lack of concern
  D reflected a lack of knowledge and resources
  显然,C项和D项具有共同的结构 reflect和alack of,因此可以预测答案就在两项之中,具体分析可知两项的区别在缺乏的究竟是concern 还是knowledge,通过题干的引语定位可知原文为Until recently, notmuch was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers todeal with bullying. known一词即提示正确答案为D项。
  再看剑4 TEST2 PASSAGE2 第15题:
  15 In 1990, Americans
  A were prescribed more herbal medicines than in previous years
  B consulted alternative therapists more often than doctors
  C spent more on natural therapies than orthodox medicines
  D made more complaints about doctors than in previous years
  本题的定位词十分明确,且题目顺序与原文顺序高度统一,但是难点在于选项很长且多用复杂的同义替换词,例如orthodox等,一开始就吓住了很多基础平凡的烤鸭。事实上,只要仔细分析就可以发现,正确高效地解题并不需要全部掌握选项中的词汇。
  很明显,本题AD两项和BC两项分别形成了成对的相似相反选项,前者都有than in previousyears 这个结构,后者都通过more than 结构对替代治疗和传统医学进行了对比。因此,首先我们应该回到原文判断,原文中的对比是时间上的对比(1990年与其他年份)还是该年度中两项事物的对比。通过定位可以找到Americansmade more visits to alternative therapist than to orthodox doctors in 1990, andeach year they spend about $US 12 billion on therapies than have not beenscientifically tested一句。显然,并没有提到其他年份,因此可以确定答案在BC之中。再分析B、C两项可知,其区别点在于B强调more often,C强调spentmore,则确定考点在于原位对比的是次数还是花费,显然,made more visits一词说明答案是B。
  可见,分析选项是提高单选题做题效率的一把利器,但是烤鸭在复习和考试中也应当注意,不要过度依赖做题技巧,首先要提高的一定是自己的英语语言基础,这样才能更好的利用方法,策略解题。

v.恐吓,威逼( bully的现在分词 );豪;跋扈
  • Many cases of bullying go unreported . 很多恐吓案件都没有人告发。
  • All cases of bullying will be severely dealt with. 所有以大欺小的情况都将受到严肃处理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
标签: 雅思阅读
学英语单词
5-1-chlorovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine
a dope peddler
advert to
all about it
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antipape
antlered
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atmospheric ray
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Elachanthemum intricatum
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Sumicidine
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Tincalzite
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