时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

      很多考生在考研英语复习过程中都会对长难句产生一定的恐惧心理,不仅仅是因为它是考研翻译题的主要障碍,重要的是它还与阅读理解这个重头戏有着千丝万缕的联系。其实,无论是多么复杂的句子,它都是由一些基本的成分组成的,只要弄清英语原文的句法结构,找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思,然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系,再按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文的意思,整个分析的过程并不复杂。为了让更多的考生在长难句上都能有章可循,我们在此将长难句的翻译步骤和方法给大家具体谈一谈。

一、长难句难的的原因

一般来说,造成长句的原因有三方面:

1.修饰语过多;

2.并列成分多;

3.语言结构层次多。

这三种情况基本上可以概括长难句的难点,也可以针对这三种情况具体应对每一个长难句。在考研教育网学员中,很多考生一开始复习的时候都会被形形色色的修饰词语所难倒,加上修饰语中很多都是生词,更加让他们感到无助,根据我们的辅导及跟踪调查,学员按照以下方法进行复习时,长难句的得分会在原有基础上高出70%.

二、长难句解题步骤

那么是什么样的方法和步骤能大幅度提升复习的效率,增加考研的分数呢?

1.找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语,从整体上把握句子的结构。

2.找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。

3.分析从句和短语的功能,例如,是否为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句等,若是状语,它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等。

4.分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,例如,定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。

5.注意插入语等其他成分。

6.注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。

下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析:

例1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli 1 which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

分析:(1)该句的主语为behaviorists,谓语为suggest,宾语为一个从句,因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause结构。

(2)该句共有五个谓语结构,它们的谓语动词分别为suggest, is raised, are, develop, experience等,这五个谓语结构之间的关系为:Behaviorist suggest that-clause结构为主句;who is raised in an environment为定语从句,所修饰的先行词为child; where there are many stimuli为定语从句,所修饰的先行词为environment; which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses为定语从句,所修饰的先行词为stimuli;在suggest的宾语从句中,主语为child,谓语为experience,宾语为greater intellectual development.

在作了如上的分析之后,我们就会对该句具有了一个较为透彻的理解,然后根据我们上面所讲述的各种翻译方法,就可以把该句翻译成汉语为:

行为主义者认为,如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素,这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展,那么,儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。



n.刺激(物)
  • It is necessary to curtail or alter normally coexisting stimuli.必需消除或改变正常时并存的刺激。
  • My sweat glands also respond to emotional stimuli.我的汗腺对情绪刺激也能产生反应。
学英语单词
aepyceros melampuss
alternating group-flashing light
aluminum hypophosphite
amount of limitation
antisensuousness
auditor,s opinion
barium dioxides
black-and-white TV
bo'suns
body-size
bodyworks
Cassola
CCFP
coasts-to-coasts
connected vessels
control rod drive housing
Cyclopentadrine
dead palsy
Dedarryomyces tyrocola
Deutsches Theater
dwarf bamboo
electric contact liquid-in-glass thermometer
electronic remote control system for main engine
Elspar
endogenous thallus
Every white hath its black,and every sweet its sour.
expoes
federal deregulation
flat-roof mirror
had need to
half-round nosing
haloa (ancient greece)
Harper's Magazine
hot-brains
hydroxyl-Fluorapatite
IW (intrinsic weight)
Jacobi symbol
jet-assisted take-off unit
karnofskys
kieselguhr
krefeld (crefeld)
land and fixed station
lapie's field
mahoganized
manning and executive development charts
melhor
mercury sulphide
method for determining the lime content
midspring tea
mist-like
monographed
monotocousa(uniparous)
mounting trolley
near-field annular-output pattern
nikisches
old-age benefit
outstep the truth
papyramine
pars aponeurotica fasciae lumbodorsalis
perratts
physy
pipe swabbing machine
polar medicine
preetching
programme stop
pseudo sequential file
pseudo-prolapse
quasi-barreled space
recorder interface unit
refrigerating station
reimplementations
restricted waterway
revenue from own sources
revisible
sandsoap
self-reporting
series-parallel reaction
shouting match
sidelobe cancellation
spectrophone
spellers
spiking filter
srensen titration
Stettin B.
strata moleculare
sun-lights
supervisory control program
surface state density
tank-truck loading rack
Threat.
thyrohyoid membranes
tourist geography
umbreted
Valkeakoski
variable selection procedure
variable system
voice coil suspension
well-government
winch condenser
Wylliesburg
zero-g tower
zinc crown glass